Subabul Plant Shows Promise in Managing Insulin Resistance in Type II Diabetes

Researchers have uncovered the potential therapeutic benefits of Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) in managing insulin resistance related to Type II diabetes. A team from the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST) in Guwahati, India, has developed bioactive compounds from the plant’s seedpods that enhance insulin sensitivity.

Subabul, a fast-growing leguminous tree found in tropical and subtropical regions, has long been used in traditional medicine. Its leaves and seeds are consumed for their high protein and fiber content. The new research highlights Subabul’s promising role in managing diabetes by targeting insulin resistance, a key issue in Type II diabetes.

The research team, led by Abhipsha Saikia, Pranamika Sarma, and Prof. Jagat C. Borah, identified a bioactive fraction from Subabul seedpods. This fraction was found to significantly enhance insulin sensitization in muscle cells, demonstrating its potential for diabetes treatment. One of the active compounds, quercetin-3-glucoside, was shown to upregulate Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a mitochondrial deacetylase enzyme that improves insulin sensitivity. It also increased the translocation of GLUT2, a protein responsible for glucose transport.

Molecular docking studies revealed stable interactions between quercetin-3-glucoside and the SIRT1 enzyme, confirming its effectiveness. The findings, published in ACS Omega, support the ethnobotanical use of Subabul in treating diabetes and related conditions. The research opens new possibilities for the development of natural therapies to combat Type II diabetes and insulin resistance.